| These chemistries often involve highly exothermic reactions which require specialized equipment or extreme operating conditions such as low temperature to ensure adequate control | |
|---|---|
| Ensuring safe operating conditions, minimizing human exposure, and gaining the maximum amount of information from each experiment are key factors in successfully designing and scaling-up highly reactive chemistries | We would like to let you know that some features on the site may not be available or may not work as nicely as they would on a newer browser version |
Halogenation occurs when one of more fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine atoms replace one or more hydrogen atoms in an organic compound.
| In situ Infrared and Raman spectroscopy are among the most powerful analytical methods for the study of organometallic compounds and syntheses | For this reason, understanding these reactions from a kinetics and thermodynamic perspective is critical to ensuring yield, quality and safety of the process |
|---|---|
| These chemistries often involve highly exothermic reactions which require specialized equipment or extreme operating conditions such as low temperature to ensure adequate control | Reaction mechanisms cannot be proven, but rather postulated based on empirical experimentation and deduction |
Often, synthesis reactions are more complex and require a thorough understanding of the kinetics and mechanisms of the underlying chemistry, as well as carefully controlled reaction conditions.
| Depending on the specific halogen, the nature of the substrate molecule and overall reaction conditions, halogenation reactions can be very energetic and follow different pathways | Key C-C Bond-Forming Reactions in Molecular Synthesis The Suzuki and related cross-coupling reactions use transition metal catalysts, such as palladium complexes, to form C-C bonds between alkyl and aryl halides with various organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Reaction mechanisms describe the successive steps at the molecular level that take place in a chemical reaction | In situ FTIR spectroscopy provides information to support reaction mechanisms hypotheses |
For this reason, understanding these reactions from a kinetics and thermodynamic perspective is critical to ensuring yield, quality and safety of the process.