Because of this, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend that if a woman has a history of normal Pap smears and doesn't have certain risk factors, such as a compromised immune system, she should have a Pap smear and together every five years from 30 years old until age 65 | The strains can also cause anal cancer and throat cancers in men and women |
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Persistent HPV infections occur when the HPV DNA successfully survives in the body, resulting in long-term chronic infections | While HPV-16 primarily is known to cause cervical cancer, HPV-16 is also associated with oral cancers due to HPV transmission through oral sex |
Permissive cells enable viral HPV replication, which causes the HPV infection persist in the body.
1Scientists have linked other HPV strains, such as HPV-31, HPV-33, and HPV-35, to cervical cancer | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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0 Unported CC BY-NC-SA 3 | Pap smear samples showed one of the first observations of cancer in cervical cells |